Founded in 1817 in Detroit, as the Catholepistemiad, or the University of Michigania, 20 years before the territory became a state, the university is Michigan's oldest.
It also has many alumni who are Fulbright Scholars and MacArthur Fellows. ==History== The University of Michigan was established in Detroit on August 26, 1817, as the Catholepistemiad, or the University of Michigania, by the governor and judges of Michigan Territory.
In 1821, the university was officially renamed the University of Michigan.
The school was moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 onto of what is now known as Central Campus.
What would become the university moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 thanks to Governor Stevens T.
There is a shuttle service connecting the University Hospital, which lies between North and Central campuses, with other medical facilities throughout northeastern Ann Arbor. ===Central Campus=== Central Campus was the original location of U-M when it moved to Ann Arbor in 1837.
The Board of Regents, which governs the university and was established by the Organic Act of March 18, 1837, consists of eight members elected at large in biennial state elections for overlapping eight-year terms.
Between the establishment of the University of Michigan in 1837 and 1850, the Board of Regents ran the university directly; although they were, by law, supposed to appoint a Chancellor to administer the university, they never did.
The first classes in Ann Arbor were held in 1841, with six freshmen and a sophomore, taught by two professors.
Eleven students graduated in the first commencement in 1845. By 1866, enrollment had increased to 1,205 students, many of whom were Civil War veterans.
Between the establishment of the University of Michigan in 1837 and 1850, the Board of Regents ran the university directly; although they were, by law, supposed to appoint a Chancellor to administer the university, they never did.
The office was created by the Michigan Constitution of 1850, which also specified that the president was to be appointed by the Regents of the University of Michigan and preside at their meetings, but without a vote.
The University of Michigan Men's Glee Club, founded in 1859 and the second oldest such group in the country, is a men's chorus with over 100 members.
Eleven students graduated in the first commencement in 1845. By 1866, enrollment had increased to 1,205 students, many of whom were Civil War veterans.
Women were first admitted in 1870, although Alice Robinson Boise Wood had become the first woman to attend classes (without matriculating) in 1866–7.
Women were first admitted in 1870, although Alice Robinson Boise Wood had become the first woman to attend classes (without matriculating) in 1866–7.
James Burrill Angell, who served as the university's president from 1871 to 1909, aggressively expanded U-M's curriculum to include professional studies in dentistry, architecture, engineering, government, and medicine.
Among the early students in the School of Medicine was Jose Celso Barbosa, who in 1880 graduated as valedictorian and the first Puerto Rican to get a university degree in the United States.
The group which used to do its tapping publicly is known for its long black robes and for its financial contributions of the College of Engineering. ===Media and publications=== The student newspaper is The Michigan Daily, founded in 1890 and editorially and financially independent of the university.
1937) ClaudeShannon MFO3807.jpg|Mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer Claude Shannon (A.B., B.S.E.E.) Alice Hamilton.jpg|Physician, research scientist, and author Alice Hamilton (MED: MD 1893) Stanley Cohen-Biochemist.jpg|Biochemist and Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine Stanley Cohen (Ph.D.
U-M students have won a total of 151 Olympic medals: 72 golds, 39 silvers, and 40 bronzes. == Traditions == ===School colors=== The University of Michigan school colors are maize and blue. ===Fight songs and chants=== The University of Michigan's fight song, "The Victors," was written by student Louis Elbel in 1898 following the last-minute football victory over the University of Chicago that won a league championship.
Ten years following their arrival, 4,000 schools were established, and by 1920, elementary enrollment was approaching one million and high school enrollment was at 17,335. From 1900 to 1920, the university constructed many new facilities, including buildings for the dental and pharmacy programs, chemistry, natural sciences, Hill Auditorium, large hospital and library complexes, and two residence halls.
Barger Several prominent and/or groundbreaking women have studied at Michigan—by 1900, nearly 150 women had received advanced degrees from U-M.
Adara, alongside Michigauma, is now co-ed. Michigauma, known as the Order of Angell, formed in 1902 by a group of seniors in coordination with University president James Burrill Angell.
The team won the first Rose Bowl game in 1902.
Ten of the buildings on Central Campus were designed by Detroit-based architect Albert Kahn between 1904 and 1936.
After Michigan temporarily withdrew from the Western Conference in 1907, a new Michigan fight song "Varsity" was written in 1911 because the line "champions of the West" was no longer appropriate. == Alumni == In addition to the late U.S.
James Burrill Angell, who served as the university's president from 1871 to 1909, aggressively expanded U-M's curriculum to include professional studies in dentistry, architecture, engineering, government, and medicine.
Robert Beyster, who founded Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) in 1969 and Google co-founder Larry Page. Edgar N Gott ca 1930.jpg|Co-founder and first president of The Boeing Company Edgar Gott (COE: 1909) Frederick Latta Smith.png|Co-founder of General Motors Frederic L.
He went to Tanzania in the late sixties and worked as an economic advisor to the government of President Julius Nyerere until the early 1970s. Some notorious graduates of the university are 1910 convicted murderer Dr.
After Michigan temporarily withdrew from the Western Conference in 1907, a new Michigan fight song "Varsity" was written in 1911 because the line "champions of the West" was no longer appropriate. == Alumni == In addition to the late U.S.
Ten years following their arrival, 4,000 schools were established, and by 1920, elementary enrollment was approaching one million and high school enrollment was at 17,335. From 1900 to 1920, the university constructed many new facilities, including buildings for the dental and pharmacy programs, chemistry, natural sciences, Hill Auditorium, large hospital and library complexes, and two residence halls.
In 1920, the university reorganized the College of Engineering and formed an advisory committee of 100 industrialists to guide academic research initiatives.
The university became a favored choice for bright Jewish students from New York in the 1920s and 1930s, when the Ivy League schools had quotas restricting the number of Jews to be admitted.
It was designed in the late 1920s by Alister MacKenzie, the designer of Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia, home of the Masters Tournament.
The university became a favored choice for bright Jewish students from New York in the 1920s and 1930s, when the Ivy League schools had quotas restricting the number of Jews to be admitted.
Robert Beyster, who founded Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) in 1969 and Google co-founder Larry Page. Edgar N Gott ca 1930.jpg|Co-founder and first president of The Boeing Company Edgar Gott (COE: 1909) Frederick Latta Smith.png|Co-founder of General Motors Frederic L.
The course opened to the public in the spring of 1931.
Ten of the buildings on Central Campus were designed by Detroit-based architect Albert Kahn between 1904 and 1936.
in 1939 and her doctoral degree in 1950, becoming the third African American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics.
Dewey, another Michigan alumnus, was the Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954 and was the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the 1944 and 1948 presidential elections.
Dewey, another Michigan alumnus, was the Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954 and was the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the 1944 and 1948 presidential elections.
Dewey, another Michigan alumnus, was the Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954 and was the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the 1944 and 1948 presidential elections.
Navy projects in proximity fuzes, PT boats, and radar jamming. After the war, enrollment expanded rapidly and by 1950, it reached 21,000, of which more than one third (or 7,700) were veterans supported by the G.I.
Another off-campus facility is the Inglis House, which the university has owned since the 1950s.
The architect Eero Saarinen, based in Birmingham, Michigan, created one of the early master plans for North Campus and designed several of its buildings in the 1950s, including the Earl V.
in 1939 and her doctoral degree in 1950, becoming the third African American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics.
The most notable of the Kahn-designed buildings are the Burton Memorial Tower and nearby Hill Auditorium. ===North Campus=== North Campus is the most contiguous campus, built independently from the city on a large plot of farmland—approximately —that the university bought in 1952.
Dewey, another Michigan alumnus, was the Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954 and was the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the 1944 and 1948 presidential elections.
Its eight-member subset a cappella group, the University of Michigan Friars, which was founded in 1955, is the oldest currently running a cappella group on campus.
Much of that work, as well as research into alternative energy sources, is pursued via the Memorial Phoenix Project. In the 1960 Presidential campaign, U.S.
During the 1960s, the university campus was the site of numerous protests against the Vietnam War and university administration.
The building's plans were drawn in the early 1960s, before student activism prompted a concern for safety.
The University of Michigan Press is also a part of the U-M library system. In the late 1960s U-M, together with Michigan State University and Wayne State University, founded the Merit Network, one of the first university computer networks.
Johnson gave his speech outlining his Great Society program as the lead speaker during the University of Michigan's 1964 spring commencement ceremony.
On March 24, 1965, a group of U-M faculty members and 3,000 students held the nation's first-ever faculty-led "teach-in" to protest against American policy in Southeast Asia.
In response to a series of sit-ins in 1966 by Voice, the campus political party of Students for a Democratic Society, U-M's administration banned sit-ins.
Walker, a federal district judge in California who overturned the controversial California Proposition 8 in 2010 and ruled it unconstitutional, received his undergraduate degree from U-M in 1966. Kenneth Marin, who became a professor of economics after he graduated from the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, was appointed by President Lyndon B.
In April 1968, following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., a group of several dozen black students occupied the Administration Building to demand that the university make public its three-year-old commitment as a federal contractor to affirmative action and to increase its efforts with respect to recruiting more African American students, faculty and staff.
Dow designed the current Fleming Administration Building, which was completed in 1968.
U-M had 40 consecutive winning seasons from 1968 to 2007, including consecutive bowl game appearances from 1975 to 2007.
Robert Beyster, who founded Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) in 1969 and Google co-founder Larry Page. Edgar N Gott ca 1930.jpg|Co-founder and first president of The Boeing Company Edgar Gott (COE: 1909) Frederick Latta Smith.png|Co-founder of General Motors Frederic L.
Dow denied those rumors, claiming the small windows were designed to be energy efficient. During the 1970s, severe budget constraints slowed the university's physical development; but in the 1980s, the university received increased grants for research in the social and physical sciences.
In the 1970s, when the group started performing its rituals in private, it effectively became a secret society for some years.
Since the 2006 reforms, Michigauma has made a policy of keeping the roster public each year. Adara, known as Phoenix, formed in the late 1970s by the women leaders on campus.
Wilson (BS 1970) David Barger.JPG|Co-founder and former president of JetBlue Airways David J.
He went to Tanzania in the late sixties and worked as an economic advisor to the government of President Julius Nyerere until the early 1970s. Some notorious graduates of the university are 1910 convicted murderer Dr.
Ross (Miami Dolphins), Preston Robert Tisch (New York Giants), and Ralph Wilson (Buffalo Bills). The university claims the only alumni association with a chapter on the moon, established in 1971 when the crew of Apollo 15 (two of whom had engineering degrees from U-M; the third had attended for a year before transferring) placed a charter plaque for a new U-M Alumni Association on the lunar surface.
President Gerald Ford had it played by the United States Marine Band as his entrance anthem during his term as president from 1974 to 1977, in preference over the more traditional "Hail to the Chief", and the Michigan Marching Band performed a slow-tempo variation of the fight song at his funeral.
1935, HLLD 1974) Will Day.jpg|Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States William Rufus Day (BS) Justice Frank Murphy.jpg|Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Frank Murphy (J.D.
U-M had 40 consecutive winning seasons from 1968 to 2007, including consecutive bowl game appearances from 1975 to 2007.
The 13th President of Pakistan, Arif Alvi, completed his master's degree in prosthodontics in 1975. Thomas Huckle Weller.jpg|Virologist and Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine Thomas Huckle Weller (A.B.
President Gerald Ford had it played by the United States Marine Band as his entrance anthem during his term as president from 1974 to 1977, in preference over the more traditional "Hail to the Chief", and the Michigan Marching Band performed a slow-tempo variation of the fight song at his funeral.
Dow denied those rumors, claiming the small windows were designed to be energy efficient. During the 1970s, severe budget constraints slowed the university's physical development; but in the 1980s, the university received increased grants for research in the social and physical sciences.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the university devoted substantial resources to renovating its massive hospital complex and improving the academic facilities on the North Campus.
In the early 1980s they joined the tower society and occupied the sixth floor of the tower just below Michigamua. Vulcans, occupied the fifth floor of the Union tower though were not formally a part of the tower society.
Another major contribution took place in 1987 when a proposal submitted by the Merit Network together with its partners IBM, MCI, and the State of Michigan won a national competition to upgrade and expand the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) backbone from 56,000 to 1.5 million, and later to 45 million bits per second.
U-M also has all-time winning records against Michigan State, Notre Dame, and Ohio State. ===Men's ice hockey=== The men's ice hockey team, which plays at Yost Ice Arena, has won nine national championships. ===Men's basketball=== The men's basketball team, which plays at the Crisler Center, has appeared in five Final Fours and won the national championship in 1989.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the university devoted substantial resources to renovating its massive hospital complex and improving the academic facilities on the North Campus.
The men's basketball program became involved in a scandal involving payments from a booster during the 1990s.
Smith Charlie Munger (cropped).jpg|Vice Chairman of Berkshire Hathaway Charlie Munger (MDNG) Larry_Page_in_the_European_Parliament,_17.06.2009_(cropped).jpg|Co-founder of Alphabet Larry Page (COE: BSE 1995) Allstate-Tom-Wilson.JPG|Chairman of The Allstate Corporation Thomas J.
The program has 11 national championships, most recently in 1997, and has produced three Heisman Trophy winners: Tom Harmon, Desmond Howard and Charles Woodson.
Although none of these campaigns has been successful, a poll conducted by the State of Michigan in 1998 concluded that a majority of Michigan voters would approve of such a position if the measure were put before them.
The university also emphasized the development of computer and information technology throughout the campus. In the early 2000s, U-M faced declining state funding due to state budget shortfalls.
In 2000, students Nick Waun and Scott Trudeau ran for the board on the statewide ballot as third-party nominees.
Waun ran for a second time in 2002, along with Matt Petering and Susan Fawcett.
Compulsive Lyres are the first and only group from Michigan to claim an ICCA title, having won in 2002.
At the same time, the university was engaged in a $2.5 billion construction campaign after an eight-year capital campaign raised $3.11 billion, at the time a record for a US public university. In 2003, two lawsuits involving U-M's affirmative action admissions policy reached the U.S.
In recent years CSG has organized Airbus, a transportation service between campus and the Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport, and has led the university's efforts to register its student population to vote, with its Voice Your Vote Commission (VYV) registering 10,000 students in 2004.
In the first case, the court upheld the Law School admissions policy, while in the second it ruled against the university's undergraduate admissions policy. The debate continued because in November 2006, Michigan voters passed Proposal 2, banning most affirmative action in university admissions.
The listing of "the best holes ever designed by Augusta National architect Alister MacKenzie" is featured in SI's Golf Plus special edition previewing the Masters on April 4, 2006. == Organization and administration == The University of Michigan consists of a flagship campus in Ann Arbor, with two regional campuses in Dearborn and Flint.
In 2006, U-M joined with Michigan State University and Wayne State University to create the University Research Corridor.
Since the 2006 reforms, Michigauma has made a policy of keeping the roster public each year. Adara, known as Phoenix, formed in the late 1970s by the women leaders on campus.
Slated to run through December 2008, the university announced that the campaign had reached its target 19 months early in May 2007.
CSG was successful at reviving Homecoming activities, including a carnival and parade, for students after a roughly eleven-year absence in October 2007, and during the 2013–14 school year, was instrumental in persuading the university to rescind an unpopular change in student football seating policy at Michigan Stadium.
U-M provides financial aid in the form of need-based loans, grants, scholarships, work study, and non-need based scholarships, with 77% of undergraduates in 2007 receiving financial aid.
U-M had 40 consecutive winning seasons from 1968 to 2007, including consecutive bowl game appearances from 1975 to 2007.
Slated to run through December 2008, the university announced that the campaign had reached its target 19 months early in May 2007.
Like nearly all colleges and universities, U-M suffered significant realized and unrealized losses in its endowment during the second half of 2008.
For undergraduates in 2008, 46% graduated averaging approximately $25,586 of debt.
In February 2009, a university spokesperson estimated losses of between 20 and 30 percent. In November 2013, the university launched the "Victors for Michigan" campaign with a $4 billion goal.
This figure totaled over $1 billion in 2009.
U-M also has a technology transfer office, which is the university conduit between laboratory research and corporate commercialization interests. In 2009, the university signed an agreement to purchase a facility formerly owned by Pfizer.
Membership numbers for the 2009–2010 school year reached the highest in the last two decades.
In 10 of the past 14 years concluding in 2009, U-M has finished in the top five of the NACDA Director's Cup, a ranking compiled by the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics to tabulate the success of universities in competitive sports.
Walker, a federal district judge in California who overturned the controversial California Proposition 8 in 2010 and ruled it unconstitutional, received his undergraduate degree from U-M in 1966. Kenneth Marin, who became a professor of economics after he graduated from the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, was appointed by President Lyndon B.
In its 2011 annual financial report, the university announced that it had dedicated $497 million per year in each of the prior 10 years to renovate buildings and infrastructure around the campus.
With over 200 undergraduate majors, and 100 doctoral and 90 master's programs, U-M has conferred 6,490 undergraduate degrees, 4,951 graduate degrees, and 709 first professional degrees in 2011–2012. The 2021 U.S.
In February 2009, a university spokesperson estimated losses of between 20 and 30 percent. In November 2013, the university launched the "Victors for Michigan" campaign with a $4 billion goal.
CSG was successful at reviving Homecoming activities, including a carnival and parade, for students after a roughly eleven-year absence in October 2007, and during the 2013–14 school year, was instrumental in persuading the university to rescind an unpopular change in student football seating policy at Michigan Stadium.
In April 2014, the Supreme Court ruled in Schuette v.
Mark Schlissel is the 14th and current president of the university and has served since July 2014. There are thirteen undergraduate schools and colleges.
citizens or permanent residents and 6,764 (15.1%) are international students. In 2014, undergraduates were enrolled in 12 schools or colleges: About 61 percent in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts; 21 percent in the College of Engineering; 5.3 percent in the Ross School of Business; 3.3 percent in the School of Kinesiology; 2.7 percent in the School of Music, Theatre & Dance; and 2 percent in the School of Nursing.
In 2014, the School of Information opened to undergraduates, with the new Bachelor of Science in Information degree.
The Michigan G-Men are one of only six groups in the country to compete at ICCA finals four times, one of only two TTBB ensembles to do so, and placed third at the competition in 2015.
More than 250 Michigan athletes or coaches have participated in Olympic events, and alumni have won 144 Olympic medals. ===Football=== The Michigan football program ranks first in NCAA history in total wins (925 through the end of the 2015 season) and first among FBS schools in winning percentage (.731).
In academic year 2019–20 full-time undergraduate students made up about 97 percent of the student body, with a first-time student retention rate of almost 97 percent. ===Enrollment=== In Fall 2016, the university had an enrollment of 44,718 students: 28,983 undergraduate students, 12,565 graduate students and 2,665 first professional students in a total of 600 academic programs.
In 2017, the university announced that the campaign had met the goal 18 months ahead of schedule.
In 2017, CSG successfully petitioned the Ann Arbor City Council to create a Student Advisory Council to give student input into Ann Arbor city affairs. There are student governance bodies in each college and school, independent of Central Student Government.
Amazin' Blue placed fourth at ICCA finals in 2017.
In 2018, the university announced that the original $4 billion campaign had exceeded its goal by raising $5 billion from 382,000 donors. ===Student government=== Housed in the Michigan Union, the Central Student Government (CSG) is the central student government of the university.
According to the National Science Foundation, Michigan spent $1.6 billion on research and development in 2018, ranking it 2nd in the nation.
The admissions office states that it will attempt to achieve a diverse student body by looking at other factors, such as whether the student attended a disadvantaged school, and the level of education of the student's parents. The University of Michigan's acceptance rate was 22.7% in 2019. ==Campus== The Ann Arbor campus is divided into four main areas: the North, Central, Medical, and South campuses.
In academic year 2019–20 full-time undergraduate students made up about 97 percent of the student body, with a first-time student retention rate of almost 97 percent. ===Enrollment=== In Fall 2016, the university had an enrollment of 44,718 students: 28,983 undergraduate students, 12,565 graduate students and 2,665 first professional students in a total of 600 academic programs.
Michigan offers doctoral degrees in the humanities, social sciences, and STEM fields (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) as well as professional degrees in architecture, business, medicine, law, public policy, pharmacy, nursing, social work, public health, and dentistry. At $12.48 billion in 2020, Michigan's endowment is among the largest of any university.
The 2020 Princeton Review College Hopes & Worries Survey ranked Michigan as the No.
The plan covers all of its operations and goals include removing emissions from direct, on-campus sources by 2040. ==Student body== ===Admissions=== Admissions are highly competitive, with a 2020 freshman admit rate of 26.1%.
In 2020, The A Cappella Archive ranked The Michigan G-Men and Amazin' Blue at #7 and #13, respectively, out of all groups that have ever competed in ICCA. The University of Michigan also encourages many cultural and ethnic student organizations on campus.
With over 200 undergraduate majors, and 100 doctoral and 90 master's programs, U-M has conferred 6,490 undergraduate degrees, 4,951 graduate degrees, and 709 first professional degrees in 2011–2012. The 2021 U.S.
Michigan was ranked 6th in the 2021 U.S.
Michigan was ranked 3rd in the 2021 U.S.
The three universities are electronically interconnected via the Michigan LambdaRail (MiLR, pronounced 'MY-lar'), a high-speed data network providing 10 Gbit/s connections between the three university campuses and other national and international network connection points in Chicago. In May 2021, the university announced plans to cut carbon emissions from its campuses.
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