Venice is known for its canals, a beach, and Ocean Front Walk, a pedestrian promenade that features performers, fortune-tellers, artists, hundreds of homeless, and vendors. ==History== ===19th century=== In 1839, a region called La Ballona that included the southern parts of Venice, was granted by the Mexican government to Ygnacio and Augustin Machado and Felipe and Tomas Talamantes, giving them title to Rancho La Ballona.
He and his partner Francis Ryan had bought of ocean-front property south of Santa Monica in 1891.
Venice is a neighborhood of the city of Los Angeles within the Westside region of Los Angeles County, California. Venice was founded by Abbot Kinney in 1905 as a seaside resort town.
Later this became part of Port Ballona. ===Founding=== Venice, originally called "Venice of America", was founded by wealthy developer Abbot Kinney in 1905 as a beach resort town, west of Los Angeles.
Cottages and housekeeping tents were available for rent. The population (3,119 residents in 1910) soon exceeded 10,000; the town drew 50,000 to 150,000 tourists on weekends. ===Amusement pier=== Attractions on the Kinney Pier became more amusement-oriented by 1910, when a Venice Miniature Railway, Aquarium, Virginia Reel, Whip, Racing Derby, and other rides and game booths were added.
When he died in November 1920, Venice became harder to govern.
With the amusement pier burning six weeks later in December 1920, and Prohibition (which had begun the previous January), the town's tax revenue was severely affected. The Kinney family rebuilt their amusement pier quickly to compete with Ocean Park's Pickering Pleasure Pier and the new Sunset Pier.
Barthel, Venice postmaster and commissioner of supplies, 1920s, president of Chamber of Commerce Charles Benefiel, artist Charles Winchester Breedlove, Los Angeles City Council member, 1933–45, supported legalized tango games Bryan Callen, stand-up comedian, actor, writer and podcaster Brun Campbell, folk ragtime musician Emilia Clarke, actress John J.
In 1923, Charles Lick built the Lick Pier at Navy Street in Venice, adjacent to the Ocean Park Pier at Pier Avenue in Ocean Park.
By 1925, with the addition of a third coaster, a tall Dragon Slide, Fun House, and Flying Circus aerial ride, it was the finest amusement pier on the West Coast.
Another pier was planned for Venice in 1925 at Leona Street (now Washington Street). For the amusement of the public, Kinney hired aviators to do aerial stunts over the beach.
DeLay performed many of the world's first aerial stunts for motion pictures in Venice. ===Politics=== By 1925, Venice's politics had become unmanageable because its roads, water and sewage systems badly needed repair and expansion to keep up with its growing population.
Consolidation was approved at the election in November 1925, and Venice was merged with Los Angeles in 1926. Many streets were paved in 1929, following a three-year court battle led by canal residents.
It was an independent city until 1926, when it merged with Los Angeles.
Consolidation was approved at the election in November 1925, and Venice was merged with Los Angeles in 1926. Many streets were paved in 1929, following a three-year court battle led by canal residents.
Consolidation was approved at the election in November 1925, and Venice was merged with Los Angeles in 1926. Many streets were paved in 1929, following a three-year court battle led by canal residents.
Afterward, the Department of Recreation and Parks intended to close three amusement piers, but had to wait until the first of the tidelands leases expired in 1946. ===Oil=== In 1929, oil was discovered south of Washington Street on the Venice Peninsula, now known as the Marina Peninsula neighborhood of Los Angeles.
With the exception of new police and fire stations in 1930, the city spent little on improvements after annexation.
Barthel, Venice postmaster and commissioner of supplies, 1920s, president of Chamber of Commerce Charles Benefiel, artist Charles Winchester Breedlove, Los Angeles City Council member, 1933–45, supported legalized tango games Bryan Callen, stand-up comedian, actor, writer and podcaster Brun Campbell, folk ragtime musician Emilia Clarke, actress John J.
During the depression era, Upton Sinclair had an office there when he was running for governor, and the same historic building where the restaurant was located was also the site of the first Ace/Venice Gallery in the early 1970s and, before that, the studio of American installation artist Robert Irwin. ====Historic post office==== The Venice Post Office, a red-tile-roofed 1939 Works Progress Administration building designed by Louis A.
Simon on Windward Circle, featured one of two remaining murals painted in 1941 by Modernist artist Edward Biberman.
Designers Charles and Ray Eames had their offices at the Bay Cities Garage on Abbot Kinney Boulevard from 1943 on, when it was still part of Washington Boulevard; Eames products were also manufactured there until the 1950s.
Afterward, the Department of Recreation and Parks intended to close three amusement piers, but had to wait until the first of the tidelands leases expired in 1946. ===Oil=== In 1929, oil was discovered south of Washington Street on the Venice Peninsula, now known as the Marina Peninsula neighborhood of Los Angeles.
Los Angeles had neglected Venice so long that, by the 1950s the neglect had led to the area being labeled the "Slum by the Sea".
V13 dates back to the 1950s, while the Shoreline Crips were founded in the early 1970s, making them one of the first Crip sets in Los Angeles.
Designers Charles and Ray Eames had their offices at the Bay Cities Garage on Abbot Kinney Boulevard from 1943 on, when it was still part of Washington Boulevard; Eames products were also manufactured there until the 1950s.
The city did not pave Trolleyway (Pacific Avenue) until 1954 when county and state funds became available.
A concrete structure, it first opened in 1964, was closed in 1983 due to El Niño storm damage, and re-opened in the mid-1990s.
They were restored in 2000 as part of a renovation of the beachfront park area at the end of Windward Avenue, and ever since artists have been allowed to paint there freely and legally. ===Music=== Venice was where rock band The Doors were formed in 1965 by UCLA alumni Ray Manzarek and Jim Morrison.
Most of the wells had been capped by the 1970s, and the last wells, near the Venice Pavilion, were capped in 1991. ===Neglect=== After annexation, the city of Los Angeles showed little interest in maintaining the unusual neighborhood.
V13 dates back to the 1950s, while the Shoreline Crips were founded in the early 1970s, making them one of the first Crip sets in Los Angeles.
During the depression era, Upton Sinclair had an office there when he was running for governor, and the same historic building where the restaurant was located was also the site of the first Ace/Venice Gallery in the early 1970s and, before that, the studio of American installation artist Robert Irwin. ====Historic post office==== The Venice Post Office, a red-tile-roofed 1939 Works Progress Administration building designed by Louis A.
In 1994, sculptor Robert Graham designed a fortress-like art studio and residence for himself and his wife, actress Anjelica Huston, on Windward Avenue. ===Art=== In the 1970s, performance artist Chris Burden created some of his early, groundbreaking work in Venice.
The pit became a hotbed of the growing graffiti movement in Los Angeles in the 1970s and 1980s, with many prominent artists and graffiti crews painting elaborate pieces on the pavilions walls.
Frankenstein 1972: One Pair of Eyes – Reyner Banham loved Los Angeles – architectural critic Reyner Banham explores Los Angeles in 1972. 1976: The Witch Who Came from the Sea (Millie Perkins, directed by Matt Cimber) 1979: CHiPs Roller Disco (Episodes 1 and 2 of season 3.
Although Venice Beach is located in the city of Los Angeles, the county is responsible for maintaining the beach under an agreement reached between the two governments in 1975. ====Oakwood==== Oakwood lies inland from the tourist areas and is one of the few historically African-American areas in West Los Angeles. ====East of Lincoln ==== East of Lincoln is separated from Oakwood by Lincoln Boulevard.
The headquarters building used to be the City of Los Angeles Lifeguard Headquarters until Los Angeles City and Santa Monica Lifeguards were merged into the County in 1975. The Los Angeles County Lifeguards safeguard of beach and of coastline, from San Pedro in the south, to Malibu in the north.
The brick building's interior was redesigned by Frank Israel in 1990 as a creative workspace, opening up the interior and creating sightlines all the way through the building. Originally located at the Venice home of Pritzker Prize–winning architect and SCI-Arc founder Thom Mayne, the Architecture Gallery was in existence for just ten weeks in 1979 and featured new work by then-emerging architects Frank Gehry, Eric Owen Moss, and Morphosis.
Frank Gehry has designed several well-known houses in Venice, including the Jane Spiller House (completed 1979) and the Norton House (completed 1984) on Venice Beach.
22, 1979) 1979: Roller Boogie (Linda Blair, directed by Mark L.
The street was described as "a derelict strip of rundown beach cottages and empty brick industrial buildings called West Washington Boulevard," and in the late 1980s community groups and property owners pushed for renaming a portion of the street to honor Abbot Kinney.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the Venice Beach boardwalk became a mecca for street performances, turning it into a popular tourist attraction.
The pit became a hotbed of the growing graffiti movement in Los Angeles in the 1970s and 1980s, with many prominent artists and graffiti crews painting elaborate pieces on the pavilions walls.
Venice is the birthplace of Jane's Addiction in the 1980s.
Perry Farrell, frontman and founder of Lollapalooza, was a longtime Venice resident until 2010. Venice in the 1980s also had bands playing music known as crossover thrash, a hardcore punk/thrash metal musical hybrid.
Constructed on a long, narrow lot in 1981, the Indiana Avenue Houses/Arnoldi Triplex was designed Frank Gehry in partnership with artists Laddie John Dill and Charles Arnoldi.
A concrete structure, it first opened in 1964, was closed in 1983 due to El Niño storm damage, and re-opened in the mid-1990s.
Frank Gehry has designed several well-known houses in Venice, including the Jane Spiller House (completed 1979) and the Norton House (completed 1984) on Venice Beach.
In the early 1990s, V-13 and the Shoreline Crips were involved in a fierce battle over crack cocaine sales territories. By 2002, the numbers of gang members in Venice were reduced due to gentrification and increased police presence.
The brick building's interior was redesigned by Frank Israel in 1990 as a creative workspace, opening up the interior and creating sightlines all the way through the building. Originally located at the Venice home of Pritzker Prize–winning architect and SCI-Arc founder Thom Mayne, the Architecture Gallery was in existence for just ten weeks in 1979 and featured new work by then-emerging architects Frank Gehry, Eric Owen Moss, and Morphosis.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the Venice Beach boardwalk became a mecca for street performances, turning it into a popular tourist attraction.
Most of the wells had been capped by the 1970s, and the last wells, near the Venice Pavilion, were capped in 1991. ===Neglect=== After annexation, the city of Los Angeles showed little interest in maintaining the unusual neighborhood.
In 1994, sculptor Robert Graham designed a fortress-like art studio and residence for himself and his wife, actress Anjelica Huston, on Windward Avenue. ===Art=== In the 1970s, performance artist Chris Burden created some of his early, groundbreaking work in Venice.
They were restored in 2000 as part of a renovation of the beachfront park area at the end of Windward Avenue, and ever since artists have been allowed to paint there freely and legally. ===Music=== Venice was where rock band The Doors were formed in 1965 by UCLA alumni Ray Manzarek and Jim Morrison.
In the early 1990s, V-13 and the Shoreline Crips were involved in a fierce battle over crack cocaine sales territories. By 2002, the numbers of gang members in Venice were reduced due to gentrification and increased police presence.
According to a Los Angeles City Beat article, by 2003, many Los Angeles Westside gang members had resettled in the city of Inglewood. ===Homelessness=== As per a 2019 count, more than 1,200 people who are considered homeless or traveling without shelter live on the streets and beaches of Venice up from 175 in 2014.
On December 21, 2005, the pier again suffered damage when waves from a large northern swell caused part of it to fall into the ocean.
The pier remained closed until May 25, 2006, when it was re-opened after an engineering study concluded that it was structurally sound. ====Breakwater==== The Venice Breakwater is an acclaimed local surf spot in Venice.
In March 2009, the city opened a sophisticated $2 million skate park on the sand towards the north.
This spot is sheltered on the north by an artificial barrier, the breakwater, consisting of an extending sand bar, piping, and large rocks at its end. In late 2010, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors conducted a $1.6 million replacement of 30,000 cubic yards of sand at Venice Beach eroded by rainstorms in recent years.
Perry Farrell, frontman and founder of Lollapalooza, was a longtime Venice resident until 2010. Venice in the 1980s also had bands playing music known as crossover thrash, a hardcore punk/thrash metal musical hybrid.
Although it contains brightly colored elements with amusing details, the intrusion of the ominous oil rigs and wells was very relevant at the time. After the post office closed in 2012, movie producer Joel Silver unveiled plans to purchase it for 7.5 million and revamp the building as the new headquarters of his company, Silver Pictures.
Organized by the Hammer Museum over the course of one weekend in 2012, the open-air Venice Beach Biennial (in reference to the Venice Biennale in Italy) brought together 87 artists, including site-specific projects by established artists like Evan Holloway, Barbara Kruger as well as boardwalk veteran Arthure Moore.
According to a Los Angeles City Beat article, by 2003, many Los Angeles Westside gang members had resettled in the city of Inglewood. ===Homelessness=== As per a 2019 count, more than 1,200 people who are considered homeless or traveling without shelter live on the streets and beaches of Venice up from 175 in 2014.
In December 2018, the city approved building a 154-bed transitional housing shelter at a former Metro bus yard. ==Geography== ===City of Los Angeles=== According to the City of Los Angeles, Venice is bounded to the north by Marine Court and Dewey Street (adjoining the City of Santa Monica).
According to a Los Angeles City Beat article, by 2003, many Los Angeles Westside gang members had resettled in the city of Inglewood. ===Homelessness=== As per a 2019 count, more than 1,200 people who are considered homeless or traveling without shelter live on the streets and beaches of Venice up from 175 in 2014.
In May 2019, according to the Hollywood Reporter, Silver sold the building for 22.5 million to U.K.
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