Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
Sir James Stephen was the under secretary at the Colonial Office, and with another Clapham member, William Wilberforce, was responsible for the passage of the Slavery Abolition Bill in 1833.
Julia Jackson was born in 1846 in Calcutta, British India to John Jackson and Maria "Mia" Theodosia Pattle, from two Anglo-Indian families.
In 1849 he was appointed Regius Professor of Modern History at Cambridge University.
In 1867, Julia Jackson married Herbert Duckworth, a barrister, but within three years was left a widow with three infant children.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
In the same year as Julia Jackson's marriage, he wed Harriet Marian (Minny) Thackeray (1840–1875), youngest daughter of William Makepeace Thackeray, who bore him a daughter, Laura (1870–1945), but died in childbirth in 1875.
For her tenth birthday, she received an ink-stand, a blotter, drawing book and a box of writing implements. ==== Talland House (1882–1894) ==== Leslie Stephen was in the habit of hiking in Cornwall, and in the spring of 1881 he came across a large white house in St Ives, Cornwall, and took out a lease on it that September.
Adeline Virginia Woolf (; ; 25 January 1882 28 March 1941) was an English writer, considered one of the most important modernist 20th-century authors and a pioneer in the use of stream of consciousness as a narrative device. Woolf was born into an affluent household in South Kensington, London, the seventh child in a blended family of eight which included the modernist painter Vanessa Bell.
Woolf is commemorated today by statues, societies dedicated to her work and a building at the University of London. == Life == === Family of origin === Virginia Woolf was born Adeline Virginia Stephen on 25 January 1882 at 22 Hyde Park Gate in South Kensington, London, to Julia (née Jackson) (1846–1895) and Leslie Stephen (1832–1904), writer, historian, essayist, biographer and mountaineer.
Each year between 1882 and 1894 from mid-July to mid-September the Stephen family leased Talland House as a summer residence.
I: Virginia Stephen 1882 to 1912.
In a diary entry of 22 March 1921, she described why she felt so connected to Talland House, looking back to a summer day in August 1890.
Amongst their guests in 1893 were the Brookes, whose children, including Rupert Brooke, played with the Stephen children.
Each year between 1882 and 1894 from mid-July to mid-September the Stephen family leased Talland House as a summer residence.
An important influence in Virginia Woolf's early life was the summer home the family used in St Ives, Cornwall, where she first saw the Godrevy Lighthouse, which was to become central to her novel To the Lighthouse (1927). Woolf's childhood came to an abrupt end in 1895 with the death of her mother and her first mental breakdown, followed two years later by the death of her half-sister and a mother figure to her, Stella Duckworth.
The family did not return, following Julia Stephen's death in May 1895. For the children, it was the highlight of the year, and Virginia's most vivid childhood memories were not of London but of Cornwall.
Cornwall inspired aspects of her work, in particular the "St Ives Trilogy" of Jacob's Room (1922), To the Lighthouse (1927), and The Waves (1931). ==== 1895–1904 ==== Julia Stephen fell ill with influenza in February 1895, and never properly recovered, dying on 5 May, when Virginia was 13.
From 1897 to 1901, she attended the Ladies' Department of King's College London, where she studied classics and history and came into contact with early reformers of women's higher education and the women's rights movement.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
Stella became engaged to Jack Hills the following year and they were married on 10 April 1897, making Virginia even more dependent on her older sister. George Duckworth also assumed some of their mother's role, taking upon himself the task of bringing them out into society.
Ramsay stating the duties of a Victorian mother in To the Lighthouse "an unmarried woman has missed the best of life". The death of Stella Duckworth on 19 July 1897, after a long illness, was a further blow to Virginia's sense of self, and the family dynamics.
Other important influences were her Cambridge-educated brothers and unfettered access to her father's vast library. Encouraged by her father, Woolf began writing professionally in 1900.
From 1897 to 1901, she attended the Ladies' Department of King's College London, where she studied classics and history and came into contact with early reformers of women's higher education and the women's rights movement.
In April 1902, their father became ill, and although he underwent surgery later that year he never fully recovered, dying on 22 February 1904.
Her father's death in 1904 caused Woolf to have another mental breakdown.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
In April 1902, their father became ill, and although he underwent surgery later that year he never fully recovered, dying on 22 February 1904.
(probate 23 March 1904) ==== Education ==== In the late 19th century, education was sharply divided along gender lines, a tradition that Virginia would note and condemn in her writing.
It was in Bloomsbury where, in conjunction with the brothers' intellectual friends, they formed the artistic and literary Bloomsbury Group. In 1912, she married Leonard Woolf, and in 1917 the couple founded the Hogarth Press, which published much of her work.
I: Virginia Stephen 1882 to 1912.
II: Virginia Woolf 1912 to 1941.
In 1915 she published her first novel, The Voyage Out, through her half-brother's publishing house, Gerald Duckworth and Company.
It was in Bloomsbury where, in conjunction with the brothers' intellectual friends, they formed the artistic and literary Bloomsbury Group. In 1912, she married Leonard Woolf, and in 1917 the couple founded the Hogarth Press, which published much of her work.
Virginia would later confess her ambivalence over this rivalry to Duncan Grant in 1917: "indeed one of the concealed worms of my life has been a sister's jealousy – of a sister I mean; and to feed this I have invented such a myth about her that I scarce know one from t'other". Virginia showed an early affinity for writing.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
In a diary entry of 22 March 1921, she described why she felt so connected to Talland House, looking back to a summer day in August 1890.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
Julia and Herbert Duckworth had three children: George (5 March 1868 – 27 April 1934), a senior civil servant, married Lady Margaret Herbert in 1904 Stella (30 May 1869 – 19 July 1897), died aged 28 Gerald (29 October 1870 – 28 September 1937), founder of Duckworth Publishing, married Cecil Alice Scott-Chad in 1921 Leslie Stephen was born in 1832 in South Kensington to Sir James and Lady Jane Catherine Stephen (née Venn), daughter of John Venn, rector of Clapham.
They rented a home in Sussex and moved there permanently in 1940.
Adeline Virginia Woolf (; ; 25 January 1882 28 March 1941) was an English writer, considered one of the most important modernist 20th-century authors and a pioneer in the use of stream of consciousness as a narrative device. Woolf was born into an affluent household in South Kensington, London, the seventh child in a blended family of eight which included the modernist painter Vanessa Bell.
In 1941, at age 59, Woolf died by drowning herself in the River Ouse at Lewes. During the interwar period, Woolf was an important part of London's literary and artistic society.
II: Virginia Woolf 1912 to 1941.
She is also known for her essays, including A Room of One's Own (1929), in which she wrote the much-quoted dictum, "A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." Woolf became one of the central subjects of the 1970s movement of feminist criticism and her works have since garnered much attention and widespread commentary for "inspiring feminism".
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