He was a seven-time finalist for the National Book Award for Fiction. Nabokov was also an expert lepidopterist and composer of chess problems. ==Life and career== ===Russia=== Nabokov was born on 22 April 1899 (10 April 1899 Old Style) in Saint Petersburg to a wealthy and prominent family of the Russian nobility.
Vladimir was not forced to attend church after he lost interest. In 1916, Nabokov inherited the estate Rozhdestveno, next to Vyra, from his uncle Vasily Ivanovich Rukavishnikov ("Uncle Ruka" in Speak, Memory).
In 1916, he published his first book, Stikhi ("Poems"), a collection of 68 Russian poems.
Some time after the publication of Stikhi, Zinaida Gippius, renowned poet and first cousin of his teacher, told Nabokov's father at a social event, "Please tell your son that he will never be a writer." ===Emigration=== After the 1917 February Revolution, Nabokov's father became a secretary of the Russian Provisional Government in Saint Petersburg.
To him, the "originality, invention, conciseness, harmony, complexity, and splendid insincerity" of creating a chess problem was similar to that in any other art. ==Politics and views== === Russian politics === Nabokov was a classical liberal, in the tradition of his father, a liberal statesman who served in the Provisional Government following the February Revolution of 1917 as a member of the Constitutional Democratic Party.
Nabokov was a self-proclaimed "White Russian", and was, from its inception, a strong opponent of the Soviet government that came to power following the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917.
They lived at a friend's estate and in September 1918 moved to Livadiya, at the time part of the Ukrainian Republic.
Nabokov's father became a minister of justice in the Crimean Regional Government. After the withdrawal of the German Army in November 1918 and the defeat of the White Army (early 1919), the Nabokovs sought exile in western Europe, along with many other Russian refugees.
That family strain would continue in Vladimir Nabokov, who fiercely denounced anti-semitism in his writings, and in the 1930s Nabokov was able to escape Hitler's Germany only with the help of Russian Jewish émigrés who still had grateful memories of his family's defense of Jews in Tsarist times. When asked, in 1969, whether he would like to revisit the land he had fled in 1918, now the Soviet Union, he replied: "There's nothing to look at.
Nabokov's father became a minister of justice in the Crimean Regional Government. After the withdrawal of the German Army in November 1918 and the defeat of the White Army (early 1919), the Nabokovs sought exile in western Europe, along with many other Russian refugees.
Nabokov later drew on his Cambridge experiences to write several works, including the novels Glory and The Real Life of Sebastian Knight. In 1920, Nabokov's family moved to Berlin, where his father set up the émigré newspaper Rul' ("Rudder").
So I decided to translate it myself." Nabokov's creative processes involved writing sections of text on hundreds of index cards, which he expanded into paragraphs and chapters and rearranged to form the structure of his novels, a process that has been adopted by many screenplay writers in subsequent years. Nabokov published under the pseudonym "Vladimir Sirin" in the 1920s to 1940s, occasionally to mask his identity from critics.
His final examination result was second-class, and his BA conferred in 1922.
Nabokov followed them to Berlin two years later, after completing his studies at Cambridge. ===Berlin years (1922–37)=== In March 1922, Nabokov's father was fatally shot in Berlin by Russian monarchists Pyotr Shabelsky-Bork and Sergey Taboritsky as he was trying to shield the real target, Pavel Milyukov, a leader of the Constitutional Democratic Party-in-exile.
He knew few Germans except for landladies, shopkeepers, and immigration officials at the police headquarters." In 1922, Nabokov became engaged to Svetlana Siewert; she broke off the engagement in early 1923, her parents worrying that he could not provide for her.
He knew few Germans except for landladies, shopkeepers, and immigration officials at the police headquarters." In 1922, Nabokov became engaged to Svetlana Siewert; she broke off the engagement in early 1923, her parents worrying that he could not provide for her.
In May 1923, he met Véra Evseyevna Slonim, a Russian-Jewish woman, at a charity ball in Berlin.
They married in April 1925.
That family strain would continue in Vladimir Nabokov, who fiercely denounced anti-semitism in his writings, and in the 1930s Nabokov was able to escape Hitler's Germany only with the help of Russian Jewish émigrés who still had grateful memories of his family's defense of Jews in Tsarist times. When asked, in 1969, whether he would like to revisit the land he had fled in 1918, now the Soviet Union, he replied: "There's nothing to look at.
Their only child, Dmitri, was born in 1934. In 1936, Véra lost her job because of the increasingly anti-Semitic environment.
Their only child, Dmitri, was born in 1934. In 1936, Véra lost her job because of the increasingly anti-Semitic environment.
In 1937, he left Germany for France, where he had a short affair with Irina Guadanini, also a Russian émigrée.
This city also had a Russian émigré community. In May 1940, the Nabokovs fled the advancing German troops, reaching the United States via the SS Champlain.
So I decided to translate it myself." Nabokov's creative processes involved writing sections of text on hundreds of index cards, which he expanded into paragraphs and chapters and rearranged to form the structure of his novels, a process that has been adopted by many screenplay writers in subsequent years. Nabokov published under the pseudonym "Vladimir Sirin" in the 1920s to 1940s, occasionally to mask his identity from critics.
During the 1940s, as a research fellow in zoology, he was responsible for organizing the butterfly collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University.
As to my special northern landscape and the haunts of my childhood – well, I would not wish to contaminate their images preserved in my mind." === American politics === In the 1940s, as an émigré in America, Nabokov would stress the connection between American and English liberal democracy and the aspirations of the short-lived Russian provisional government.
Nabokov's brother Sergei did not leave France, and he died at the Neuengamme concentration camp on 9 January 1945. ===United States=== The Nabokovs settled in Manhattan and Vladimir began volunteer work as an entomologist at the American Museum of Natural History. Nabokov joined the staff of Wellesley College in 1941 as resident lecturer in comparative literature.
The Nabokovs resided in Wellesley, Massachusetts, during the 1941–42 academic year.
This lament came in 1941, when Nabokov had been an apprentice American for less than one year.
In September 1942 they moved to Cambridge, where they lived until June 1948.
In 1942 he declared: "Democracy is humanity at its best ...
Following a lecture tour through the United States, Nabokov returned to Wellesley for the 1944–45 academic year as a lecturer in Russian.
Nabokov became an American citizen in 1945, but he and his wife returned to Europe in 1961, settling in Montreux, Switzerland. Nabokov's Lolita (1955) was ranked fourth in the list of the Modern Library 100 Best Novels in 2007; Pale Fire (1962) was ranked 53rd on the same list; and his memoir, Speak, Memory (1951), was listed eighth on publisher Random House's list of the 20th century's greatest nonfiction.
Sergey was killed in a Nazi concentration camp in 1945 after publicly denouncing Hitler's regime.
Nabokov's brother Sergei did not leave France, and he died at the Neuengamme concentration camp on 9 January 1945. ===United States=== The Nabokovs settled in Manhattan and Vladimir began volunteer work as an entomologist at the American Museum of Natural History. Nabokov joined the staff of Wellesley College in 1941 as resident lecturer in comparative literature.
In 1945, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States.
He served through the 1947–48 term as Wellesley's one-man Russian Department, offering courses in Russian language and literature.
In September 1942 they moved to Cambridge, where they lived until June 1948.
After being encouraged by Morris Bishop, Nabokov left Wellesley in 1948 to teach Russian and European literature at Cornell University, where he taught until 1959.
Later in a November 1950 Wilson letter, Nabokov offers a solid, non-comic appraisal: "Conrad knew how to handle readymade English better than I; but I know better the other kind.
He called her the best-humored woman he had ever known. In June 1953 Nabokov and his family went to Ashland, Oregon.
On 1 October 1953, he and his family returned to Ithaca, New York, where he would later teach the young writer Thomas Pynchon. ===Montreux and death=== After the great financial success of Lolita, Nabokov returned to Europe and devoted himself to writing.
After being encouraged by Morris Bishop, Nabokov left Wellesley in 1948 to teach Russian and European literature at Cornell University, where he taught until 1959.
Nabokov became an American citizen in 1945, but he and his wife returned to Europe in 1961, settling in Montreux, Switzerland. Nabokov's Lolita (1955) was ranked fourth in the list of the Modern Library 100 Best Novels in 2007; Pale Fire (1962) was ranked 53rd on the same list; and his memoir, Speak, Memory (1951), was listed eighth on publisher Random House's list of the 20th century's greatest nonfiction.
In 1961 he and Véra moved to the Montreux Palace Hotel in Montreux, Switzerland; he stayed there until the end of his life.
In another of his short stories, "Signs and Symbols" (1958), Nabokov creates a character suffering from an imaginary illness called "Referential Mania," in which the afflicted is faced with a world of environmental objects exchanging coded messages. Nabokov's stature as a literary critic is founded largely on his four-volume translation and commentary for Alexander Pushkin's novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, published in 1964.
"A writer who truly and greatly sustains us is Vladimir Nabokov," Hawkes stated in a 1964 interview. Several authors who came to prominence in the 1990s and 2000s have also cited Nabokov's work as a literary influence.
In 1967, Nabokov commented: "The pleasures and rewards of literary inspiration are nothing beside the rapture of discovering a new organ under the microscope or an undescribed species on a mountainside in Iran or Peru.
That family strain would continue in Vladimir Nabokov, who fiercely denounced anti-semitism in his writings, and in the 1930s Nabokov was able to escape Hitler's Germany only with the help of Russian Jewish émigrés who still had grateful memories of his family's defense of Jews in Tsarist times. When asked, in 1969, whether he would like to revisit the land he had fled in 1918, now the Soviet Union, he replied: "There's nothing to look at.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (link=no|Владимир Владимирович Набоков ; 2 July 1977), also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin (Владимир Сирин), was a Russian-American novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist.
He died on 2 July 1977 in Montreux.
Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1982.
Elena, who in later years became Vladimir's favorite sibling, published her correspondence with him in 1985.
New York: Garland Publishing, 1986.
Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores, 1988. Alexandrov, Vladimir E., ed.
"A writer who truly and greatly sustains us is Vladimir Nabokov," Hawkes stated in a 1964 interview. Several authors who came to prominence in the 1990s and 2000s have also cited Nabokov's work as a literary influence.
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.
London: Chatto & Windus, 1990.
Ann Arbor, Mich.: Ardis, 1991.
Sebald's 1993 novel The Emigrants. ==Adaptations== The song cycle "Sing, Poetry" on the 2011 contemporary classical album Troika comprises settings of Russian and English versions of three of Nabokov's poems by such composers as Jay Greenberg, Michael Schelle and Lev Zhurbin. ==List of works== ==Notes== ==References== ==Further reading== ===Biography=== Boyd, Brian.
Lausanne: Musée cantonal de Zoologie, 1993.
New York: Garland Publishing, 1995.
New York, NY.: Random House, 1999.
New York: Glenn Horowitz Bookseller, 1999.
"A writer who truly and greatly sustains us is Vladimir Nabokov," Hawkes stated in a 1964 interview. Several authors who came to prominence in the 1990s and 2000s have also cited Nabokov's work as a literary influence.
Privately published, 2001.
Nabokov became an American citizen in 1945, but he and his wife returned to Europe in 1961, settling in Montreux, Switzerland. Nabokov's Lolita (1955) was ranked fourth in the list of the Modern Library 100 Best Novels in 2007; Pale Fire (1962) was ranked 53rd on the same list; and his memoir, Speak, Memory (1951), was listed eighth on publisher Random House's list of the 20th century's greatest nonfiction.
Véra and Dmitri, who were entrusted with Nabokov's literary executorship, ignored Nabokov's request to burn the incomplete manuscript and published it in 2009. ==Work== Nabokov is known as one of the leading prose stylists of the 20th century; his first writings were in Russian, but he achieved his greatest fame with the novels he wrote in the English language.
By Martin Amis 14 November 2009 "Talking about Nabokov" George Feifer, Russia Beyond the Headlines, 24 February 2010 "The Gay Nabokov".
In 2010, Kitsch magazine, a student publication at Cornell, published a piece that focused on student reflections on his lectures and also explored Nabokov's long relationship with Playboy.
«Nabokov le Nietzschéen», HERMANN, Paris, 2010 Ливри, Анатолий.
By Martin Amis 14 November 2009 "Talking about Nabokov" George Feifer, Russia Beyond the Headlines, 24 February 2010 "The Gay Nabokov".
Sebald's 1993 novel The Emigrants. ==Adaptations== The song cycle "Sing, Poetry" on the 2011 contemporary classical album Troika comprises settings of Russian and English versions of three of Nabokov's poems by such composers as Jay Greenberg, Michael Schelle and Lev Zhurbin. ==List of works== ==Notes== ==References== ==Further reading== ===Biography=== Boyd, Brian.
СПб.: Алетейя, 2011.
Insomnia's impact on his work was widely explored and in 2017 Princeton University Press published a compilation of his dream diary entries, Insomniac Dreams: Experiments with Time by Vladimir Nabokov. === Views on women writers === Nabokov's wife Véra was his strongest supporter and assisted him throughout his lifetime, but Nabokov admitted to having a "prejudice" against women writers.
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