William Wordsworth (7 April 177023 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798). Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times.
Wordsworth: A Life, HarperCollins, New York, 2000, Hunter Davies, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Frances Lincoln, London, 2009, Stephen Gill, William Wordsworth: A Life, Oxford University Press, 1989, Emma Mason, The Cambridge Introduction to William Wordsworth (Cambridge University Press, 2010) Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth, A Biography: The Early Years, 1770–1803 v.
It was at the school in Penrith that he met the Hutchinsons, including Mary, who later became his wife. After the death of Wordsworth's mother, in 1778, his father sent him to Hawkshead Grammar School in Lancashire (now in Cumbria) and sent Dorothy to live with relatives in Yorkshire.
He was frequently away from home on business, so the young William and his siblings had little involvement with him and remained distant from him until his death in 1783.
She and William did not meet again for nine years. Wordsworth made his debut as a writer in 1787 when he published a sonnet in The European Magazine.
In 1790 he went on a walking tour of Europe, during which he toured the Alps extensively, and visited nearby areas of France, Switzerland, and Italy. ==Relationship with Annette Vallon== In November 1791, Wordsworth visited Revolutionary France and became enchanted with the Republican movement.
He received his BA degree in 1791.
In 1790 he went on a walking tour of Europe, during which he toured the Alps extensively, and visited nearby areas of France, Switzerland, and Italy. ==Relationship with Annette Vallon== In November 1791, Wordsworth visited Revolutionary France and became enchanted with the Republican movement.
By the time of their association, Stewart had published an ambitious work of original materialist philosophy entitled The Apocalypse of Nature (London, 1791), to which many of Wordsworth's philosophical sentiments may well be indebted. In 1807 Wordsworth published Poems, in Two Volumes, including " Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood".
He fell in love with a French woman, Annette Vallon, who, in 1792, gave birth to their daughter Caroline.
In particular, while he was in revolutionary Paris in 1792, the 22-year-old Wordsworth made the acquaintance of the mysterious traveller John "Walking" Stewart (1747–1822), who was nearing the end of his thirty years of wandering, on foot, from Madras, India, through Persia and Arabia, across Africa and Europe, and up through the fledgling United States.
Upon Caroline's marriage, in 1816, Wordsworth settled £30 a year on her (equivalent to £2,313 as of 2019), payments which continued until 1835, when they were replaced by a capital settlement. ==First publication and Lyrical Ballads== The year 1793 saw the first publication of poems by Wordsworth, in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.
In 1795 he received a legacy of £900 from Raisley Calvert and became able to pursue a career as a poet. It was also in 1795 that he met Samuel Taylor Coleridge in Somerset.
For two years from 1795, William and his sister Dorothy lived at Racedown House in Dorset—a property of the Pinney family—to the west of Pilsdon Pen.
A fourth and final edition of Lyrical Ballads was published in 1805. ==The Borderers== Between 1795–1797, Wordsworth wrote his only play, The Borderers, a verse tragedy set during the reign of King Henry III of England, when Englishmen in the North Country came into conflict with Scottish border reivers.
These delight me the most as they remind me of our native wilds." In 1797, the pair moved to Alfoxton House, Somerset, just a few miles away from Coleridge's home in Nether Stowey.
He attempted to get the play staged in November 1797, but it was rejected by Thomas Harris, the manager of the Covent Garden Theatre, who proclaimed it "impossible that the play should succeed in the representation".
The rebuff was not received lightly by Wordsworth and the play was not published until 1842, after substantial revision. ==Germany and move to the Lake District== Wordsworth, Dorothy and Coleridge travelled to Germany in the autumn of 1798.
During the harsh winter of 1798–99 Wordsworth lived with Dorothy in Goslar, and, despite extreme stress and loneliness, began work on the autobiographical piece that was later titled The Prelude.
In 1798–99 he started an autobiographical poem, which he referred to as the "poem to Coleridge" and which he planned would serve as an appendix to a larger work called The Recluse.
In the Autumn of 1799, Wordsworth and his sister returned to England and visited the Hutchinson family at Sockburn.
The second edition, published in 1800, had only Wordsworth listed as the author, and included a preface to the poems.
The Reign of Terror left Wordsworth thoroughly disillusioned with the French Revolution and the outbreak of armed hostilities between Britain and France prevented him from seeing Annette and his daughter for some years. With the Peace of Amiens again allowing travel to France, in 1802 Wordsworth and his sister Dorothy visited Annette and Caroline in Calais.
It was augmented significantly in the next edition, published in 1802.
Throughout this period many of Wordsworth's poems revolved around themes of death, endurance, separation and grief. ==Marriage and children== In 1802, Lowther's heir, William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale, paid the £4,000 owed to Wordsworth's father through Lowther's failure to pay his aide.
John Wordsworth MA (18 June 180325 July 1875).
1, Oxford University Press, 1957, Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth: A Biography: The Later Years, 1803–1850 v.
No children. Dora Wordsworth (16 August 18049 July 1847).
In 1804 he began expanding this autobiographical work, having decided to make it a prologue rather than an appendix.
A fourth and final edition of Lyrical Ballads was published in 1805. ==The Borderers== Between 1795–1797, Wordsworth wrote his only play, The Borderers, a verse tragedy set during the reign of King Henry III of England, when Englishmen in the North Country came into conflict with Scottish border reivers.
He completed this work, now generally referred to as the first version of The Prelude, in 1805, but refused to publish such a personal work until he had completed the whole of The Recluse.
The death of his brother John, also in 1805, affected him strongly and may have influenced his decisions about these works. Wordsworth's philosophical allegiances as articulated in The Prelude and in such shorter works as "Lines written a few miles above Tintern Abbey" have been a source of critical debate.
Married Edward Quillinan in 1841. Thomas Wordsworth (15 June 18061 December 1812). Catherine Wordsworth (6 September 18084 June 1812). William "Willy" Wordsworth (12 May 18101883).
By the time of their association, Stewart had published an ambitious work of original materialist philosophy entitled The Apocalypse of Nature (London, 1791), to which many of Wordsworth's philosophical sentiments may well be indebted. In 1807 Wordsworth published Poems, in Two Volumes, including " Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood".
Married Edward Quillinan in 1841. Thomas Wordsworth (15 June 18061 December 1812). Catherine Wordsworth (6 September 18084 June 1812). William "Willy" Wordsworth (12 May 18101883).
Married Edward Quillinan in 1841. Thomas Wordsworth (15 June 18061 December 1812). Catherine Wordsworth (6 September 18084 June 1812). William "Willy" Wordsworth (12 May 18101883).
Its reception was lukewarm, however. In 1810, Wordsworth and Coleridge were estranged over the latter's opium addiction, and in 1812, his son Thomas died at the age of 6, six months after the death of 3-year-old Catherine.
Married Edward Quillinan in 1841. Thomas Wordsworth (15 June 18061 December 1812). Catherine Wordsworth (6 September 18084 June 1812). William "Willy" Wordsworth (12 May 18101883).
Its reception was lukewarm, however. In 1810, Wordsworth and Coleridge were estranged over the latter's opium addiction, and in 1812, his son Thomas died at the age of 6, six months after the death of 3-year-old Catherine.
He remarked in 1812 that he was willing to shed his blood for the established Church of England, reflected in his Ecclesiastical Sketches of 1822.
In 1813, he and his family, including Dorothy, moved to Rydal Mount, Ambleside (between Grasmere and Rydal Water), where he spent the rest of his life. ==The Prospectus== In 1814 Wordsworth published The Excursion as the second part of the three-part work The Recluse, even though he had not completed the first part or the third part, and never did.
In 1813, he and his family, including Dorothy, moved to Rydal Mount, Ambleside (between Grasmere and Rydal Water), where he spent the rest of his life. ==The Prospectus== In 1814 Wordsworth published The Excursion as the second part of the three-part work The Recluse, even though he had not completed the first part or the third part, and never did.
Upon Caroline's marriage, in 1816, Wordsworth settled £30 a year on her (equivalent to £2,313 as of 2019), payments which continued until 1835, when they were replaced by a capital settlement. ==First publication and Lyrical Ballads== The year 1793 saw the first publication of poems by Wordsworth, in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.
By 1820, he was enjoying considerable success accompanying a reversal in the contemporary critical opinion of his earlier works. The poet William Blake, who knew of Wordsworth's work, was struck by Wordsworth's boldness in centering his poetry on the human mind.
He remarked in 1812 that he was willing to shed his blood for the established Church of England, reflected in his Ecclesiastical Sketches of 1822.
Following the death of his friend the painter William Green in 1823, Wordsworth also mended his relations with Coleridge.
The two were fully reconciled by 1828, when they toured the Rhineland together.
Dorothy suffered from a severe illness in 1829 that rendered her an invalid for the remainder of her life.
Coleridge and Charles Lamb both died in 1834, their loss being a difficult blow to Wordsworth.
Upon Caroline's marriage, in 1816, Wordsworth settled £30 a year on her (equivalent to £2,313 as of 2019), payments which continued until 1835, when they were replaced by a capital settlement. ==First publication and Lyrical Ballads== The year 1793 saw the first publication of poems by Wordsworth, in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.
In 1837, the Scottish poet and playwright Joanna Baillie reflected on her long acquaintance with Wordsworth.
However he does occasionally converse cheerfully & well; and when one knows how benevolent & excellent he is, it disposes one to be very much pleased with him." In 1838, Wordsworth received an honorary doctorate in Civil Law from the University of Durham and the following year he was awarded the same honorary degree by the University of Oxford, when John Keble praised him as the "poet of humanity", praise greatly appreciated by Wordsworth.
Married Edward Quillinan in 1841. Thomas Wordsworth (15 June 18061 December 1812). Catherine Wordsworth (6 September 18084 June 1812). William "Willy" Wordsworth (12 May 18101883).
The rebuff was not received lightly by Wordsworth and the play was not published until 1842, after substantial revision. ==Germany and move to the Lake District== Wordsworth, Dorothy and Coleridge travelled to Germany in the autumn of 1798.
(It has been argued that Wordsworth was a great influence on Keble's immensely popular book of devotional poetry, The Christian Year (1827).) In 1842, the government awarded him a Civil List pension of £300 a year. Following the death of Robert Southey in 1843 Wordsworth became Poet Laureate.
(It has been argued that Wordsworth was a great influence on Keble's immensely popular book of devotional poetry, The Christian Year (1827).) In 1842, the government awarded him a Civil List pension of £300 a year. Following the death of Robert Southey in 1843 Wordsworth became Poet Laureate.
No children. Dora Wordsworth (16 August 18049 July 1847).
The sudden death of his daughter Dora in 1847 at age 42 was difficult for the aging poet to take and in his depression, he completely gave up writing new material. ==Death== William Wordsworth died at home at Rydal Mount from an aggravated case of pleurisy on 23 April 1850, and was buried at St Oswald's Church, Grasmere.
Married four times: # Isabella Curwen (died 1848) had six children: Jane, Henry, William, John, Charles and Edward. # Helen Ross (died 1854).
William Wordsworth (7 April 177023 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798). Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times.
The sudden death of his daughter Dora in 1847 at age 42 was difficult for the aging poet to take and in his depression, he completely gave up writing new material. ==Death== William Wordsworth died at home at Rydal Mount from an aggravated case of pleurisy on 23 April 1850, and was buried at St Oswald's Church, Grasmere.
Chand & Company Ltd, 1983) Report to Wordsworth, Written by Boey Kim Cheng, as a direct reference to his poems "Composed Upon Westminster Bridge" and "The World Is Too Much with Us" == External links == Internet archive of Volume 1 of Christopher Wordsworth's 1851 biography Internet archive of Volume 2 of Christopher Wordsworth's 1851 biography [Wordsworth Collection].
Married four times: # Isabella Curwen (died 1848) had six children: Jane, Henry, William, John, Charles and Edward. # Helen Ross (died 1854).
No children. # Mary Ann Dolan (died after 1858) had one daughter Dora (born 1858). # Mary Gamble.
John Wordsworth MA (18 June 180325 July 1875).
1, Oxford University Press, 1957, Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth: A Biography: The Later Years, 1803–1850 v.
2, Oxford University Press, 1965, M.
2008 Isaac Asimov's 1966 novelisation of the 1966 film Fantastic Voyage sees Dr.
Chand & Company Ltd, 1983) Report to Wordsworth, Written by Boey Kim Cheng, as a direct reference to his poems "Composed Upon Westminster Bridge" and "The World Is Too Much with Us" == External links == Internet archive of Volume 1 of Christopher Wordsworth's 1851 biography Internet archive of Volume 2 of Christopher Wordsworth's 1851 biography [Wordsworth Collection].
Wordsworth: A Life, HarperCollins, New York, 2000, Hunter Davies, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Frances Lincoln, London, 2009, Stephen Gill, William Wordsworth: A Life, Oxford University Press, 1989, Emma Mason, The Cambridge Introduction to William Wordsworth (Cambridge University Press, 2010) Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth, A Biography: The Early Years, 1770–1803 v.
Wordsworth: A Life, HarperCollins, New York, 2000, Hunter Davies, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Frances Lincoln, London, 2009, Stephen Gill, William Wordsworth: A Life, Oxford University Press, 1989, Emma Mason, The Cambridge Introduction to William Wordsworth (Cambridge University Press, 2010) Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth, A Biography: The Early Years, 1770–1803 v.
Wordsworth: A Life, HarperCollins, New York, 2000, Hunter Davies, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Frances Lincoln, London, 2009, Stephen Gill, William Wordsworth: A Life, Oxford University Press, 1989, Emma Mason, The Cambridge Introduction to William Wordsworth (Cambridge University Press, 2010) Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth, A Biography: The Early Years, 1770–1803 v.
Wordsworth: A Life, HarperCollins, New York, 2000, Hunter Davies, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Frances Lincoln, London, 2009, Stephen Gill, William Wordsworth: A Life, Oxford University Press, 1989, Emma Mason, The Cambridge Introduction to William Wordsworth (Cambridge University Press, 2010) Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth, A Biography: The Early Years, 1770–1803 v.
Upon Caroline's marriage, in 1816, Wordsworth settled £30 a year on her (equivalent to £2,313 as of 2019), payments which continued until 1835, when they were replaced by a capital settlement. ==First publication and Lyrical Ballads== The year 1793 saw the first publication of poems by Wordsworth, in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.
Peter Duval quoting Wordsworth's The Prelude as the miniaturised submarine sails through the cerebral fluid surrounding a human brain, comparing it to the "strange seas of thought". Taylor Swift's 2020 album Folklore mentions Wordsworth in her bonus track "The Lakes", which is thought to be about the Lake District. ==Major works== == References == ==Further reading== Juliet Barker.
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