It was considered groundbreaking in Dutch politics this was the first Cabinet of the Netherlands since 1908 without a Christian democratic party. The main aim of the Cabinet Kok I was to create employment.
He holds the distinction of leading the first purple coalitions as Prime Minister and is consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the best prime ministers after World War II. ==Early life== Willem Kok was born on 29 September 1938, in Bergambacht in the Netherlands Province of South Holland, the son of Willem Kok (29 March 1910 – 10 January 1981) a carpenter, and Neeltje de Jager (17 October 1913 – 5 May 2005).
He holds the distinction of leading the first purple coalitions as Prime Minister and is consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the best prime ministers after World War II. ==Early life== Willem Kok was born on 29 September 1938, in Bergambacht in the Netherlands Province of South Holland, the son of Willem Kok (29 March 1910 – 10 January 1981) a carpenter, and Neeltje de Jager (17 October 1913 – 5 May 2005).
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
He holds the distinction of leading the first purple coalitions as Prime Minister and is consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the best prime ministers after World War II. ==Early life== Willem Kok was born on 29 September 1938, in Bergambacht in the Netherlands Province of South Holland, the son of Willem Kok (29 March 1910 – 10 January 1981) a carpenter, and Neeltje de Jager (17 October 1913 – 5 May 2005).
He had one younger brother, who was born in 1945. After completing his studies in business at the Nyenrode Business Universiteit, he started his career in 1961 at the socialist Netherlands Association of Trade Unions (NVV), where he was chairman from 1973 until 1982.
He adopted her two children from a previous marriage, daughter Carla (born 1959) and son André (born 1961), who is mentally and physically disabled, and together they had a third child, son Marcel (born 1966). ==Death== Kok died on 20 October 2018 in Amsterdam, aged 80. ==Decorations== ==Honorary degrees== ==References== ==External links== Official W.
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
He had one younger brother, who was born in 1945. After completing his studies in business at the Nyenrode Business Universiteit, he started his career in 1961 at the socialist Netherlands Association of Trade Unions (NVV), where he was chairman from 1973 until 1982.
He adopted her two children from a previous marriage, daughter Carla (born 1959) and son André (born 1961), who is mentally and physically disabled, and together they had a third child, son Marcel (born 1966). ==Death== Kok died on 20 October 2018 in Amsterdam, aged 80. ==Decorations== ==Honorary degrees== ==References== ==External links== Official W.
He adopted her two children from a previous marriage, daughter Carla (born 1959) and son André (born 1961), who is mentally and physically disabled, and together they had a third child, son Marcel (born 1966). ==Death== Kok died on 20 October 2018 in Amsterdam, aged 80. ==Decorations== ==Honorary degrees== ==References== ==External links== Official W.
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
He had one younger brother, who was born in 1945. After completing his studies in business at the Nyenrode Business Universiteit, he started his career in 1961 at the socialist Netherlands Association of Trade Unions (NVV), where he was chairman from 1973 until 1982.
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
In 1976 it merged to form the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions, with Kok serving as its first chairman until 1986.
He holds the distinction of leading the first purple coalitions as Prime Minister and is consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the best prime ministers after World War II. ==Early life== Willem Kok was born on 29 September 1938, in Bergambacht in the Netherlands Province of South Holland, the son of Willem Kok (29 March 1910 – 10 January 1981) a carpenter, and Neeltje de Jager (17 October 1913 – 5 May 2005).
He had one younger brother, who was born in 1945. After completing his studies in business at the Nyenrode Business Universiteit, he started his career in 1961 at the socialist Netherlands Association of Trade Unions (NVV), where he was chairman from 1973 until 1982.
In 1982, the NVV merged with Nederlands Katholiek Vakverbond (NKV), the Catholic trade union, to form the Federatie Nederlandse Vakbeweging (FNV), of which he served as chair until 1986. ==Political career== ===Parliamentary leader and Minister of Finance=== Kok was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives on 3 June 1986, after the Dutch general election of 1986.
In 1976 it merged to form the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions, with Kok serving as its first chairman until 1986.
After the election of 1986, Kok was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives, taking office on 3 June 1986.
Shortly after the election incumbent Leader Joop den Uyl announced he was stepping down and endorsed Kok as his successor taking office on 21 July 1986.
In 1982, the NVV merged with Nederlands Katholiek Vakverbond (NKV), the Catholic trade union, to form the Federatie Nederlandse Vakbeweging (FNV), of which he served as chair until 1986. ==Political career== ===Parliamentary leader and Minister of Finance=== Kok was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives on 3 June 1986, after the Dutch general election of 1986.
Kok was elected to succeed him and became Party and Parliamentary leader of the Labour Party in the House of Representatives on 21 July 1986 and served as Opposition leader during the parliamentary period of the Cabinet Lubbers II. Kok lead his party in the Dutch general election of 1989.
Kok was elected to succeed him and became Party and Parliamentary leader of the Labour Party in the House of Representatives on 21 July 1986 and served as Opposition leader during the parliamentary period of the Cabinet Lubbers II. Kok lead his party in the Dutch general election of 1989.
Kok entered government for the first time and became both Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Finance, serving from 7 November 1989 until 22 August 1994. ===Prime minister=== ==== First term (1994–1998) ==== In the 1994 general election, the Labour Party lost twelve seats but the CDA with new leader Elco Brinkman lost twenty seats.
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
Kok entered government for the first time and became both Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Finance, serving from 7 November 1989 until 22 August 1994. ===Prime minister=== ==== First term (1994–1998) ==== In the 1994 general election, the Labour Party lost twelve seats but the CDA with new leader Elco Brinkman lost twenty seats.
Moreover, the "polder model" went out of fashion in early 2002, which saw the rise of Pim Fortuyn, a political newcomer. On 16 April 2002, close to the natural end of term for the cabinet, prime minister Kok wished to resign early after being harshly criticised in a government-commissioned report by the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies regarding the fall of Srebrenica in 1995 and the other ministers had no choice but to follow him.
For the election of 1998 Kok once more served as Lijsttrekker and after another successful cabinet formation, formed the Cabinet Kok II and continued as prime minister for a second term.
The Srebrenica massacre occurred under the responsibility of this government, which eventually led to the fall of the second Kok cabinet. In the 1998 general election, the Labour party gained eight seats; the coalition retained its majority, and cabinet formation resulted in a continuation of policies with the Cabinet Kok II. ==== Second term (1998–2002) ==== The second cabinet was the successor of the first cabinet was formed from the same coalition of PvdA, VVD and D66.
In May 1999, D66 stepped out of the coalition when proposed legislation on referenda, entered by this party, was blocked; through negotiations the crisis was solved and the cabinet stayed together.
On 13 March 2000 Peper resigned as minister, according to himself to no longer bring problems to the public government, and to be better able to defend himself.
In December 2001 Kok announced he was stepping down as Leader and that he wouldn't stand for the election of 2002 or serve another term as prime minister.
On the other hand, Kok's second term is known for legalizing same-sex marriage and euthanasia. On 15 December 2001, Kok announced he would retire from national politics after the elections of May 2002.
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
In December 2001 Kok announced he was stepping down as Leader and that he wouldn't stand for the election of 2002 or serve another term as prime minister.
Kok left office following the installation of the Cabinet Balkenende I on 22 July 2002. Kok retired from active politics at 63 and became active in the private and public sectors as a corporate and non-profit director, served on several state commissions and councils on behalf of the government, and continued to be active as a lobbyist for the European Union, advocating for more European integration.
On the other hand, Kok's second term is known for legalizing same-sex marriage and euthanasia. On 15 December 2001, Kok announced he would retire from national politics after the elections of May 2002.
Moreover, the "polder model" went out of fashion in early 2002, which saw the rise of Pim Fortuyn, a political newcomer. On 16 April 2002, close to the natural end of term for the cabinet, prime minister Kok wished to resign early after being harshly criticised in a government-commissioned report by the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies regarding the fall of Srebrenica in 1995 and the other ministers had no choice but to follow him.
The caretaker cabinet stepped down on 22 July 2002, when the Cabinet Balkenende I was installed. ===Legacy=== Kok was highly praised for his Third Way and polder model philosophies and for the success of leading his Purple Coalitions.
Kok was granted the honourary title of Minister of State on 11 April 2003 and continued to comment on political affairs as a statesman until his death at the age of 80.
On 11 April 2003, he was granted the honorary title of Minister of State. ===Lisbon Strategy=== Between April and November 2004, Kok headed up a review of the Lisbon Strategy and presented a report containing suggestions on how to give new impetus to the Lisbon process.
On 11 April 2003, he was granted the honorary title of Minister of State. ===Lisbon Strategy=== Between April and November 2004, Kok headed up a review of the Lisbon Strategy and presented a report containing suggestions on how to give new impetus to the Lisbon process.
He holds the distinction of leading the first purple coalitions as Prime Minister and is consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as one of the best prime ministers after World War II. ==Early life== Willem Kok was born on 29 September 1938, in Bergambacht in the Netherlands Province of South Holland, the son of Willem Kok (29 March 1910 – 10 January 1981) a carpenter, and Neeltje de Jager (17 October 1913 – 5 May 2005).
He also occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards in the business and industry world (ING Group, Koninklijke TNT Post, Royal Dutch Shell, KLM, Stork B.V., International Commission on Missing Persons, International Crisis Group, Anne Frank Foundation and served as president of the Club of Madrid from 2009 until December 2013).
He also occupied numerous seats on supervisory boards in the business and industry world (ING Group, Koninklijke TNT Post, Royal Dutch Shell, KLM, Stork B.V., International Commission on Missing Persons, International Crisis Group, Anne Frank Foundation and served as president of the Club of Madrid from 2009 until December 2013).
Willem "Wim" Kok (; 29 September 1938 – 20 October 2018) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002. Kok studied business administration at the Nyenrode Business School obtaining a Bachelor of Business Administration degree and worked as a trade union leader for the Trade Unions Association from 1961 until 1976 and serving as chairman from 1972.
He adopted her two children from a previous marriage, daughter Carla (born 1959) and son André (born 1961), who is mentally and physically disabled, and together they had a third child, son Marcel (born 1966). ==Death== Kok died on 20 October 2018 in Amsterdam, aged 80. ==Decorations== ==Honorary degrees== ==References== ==External links== Official W.
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